linux无界面(headless)使用selenium抓取数据
问题
老高最近遇到一个需求，linux\centos下，使用selenium技术抓取数据。本来很简单的问题，但是由于内存限制，安装X window不现实，所以一个BT的想法诞生了，是否可以在centos命令行界面运行一个虚拟的桌面，然后使用selenium控制Firefox浏览器完成一些操作，Firefox运行在虚拟的桌面中，一切操作都在命令行中完成。
Google之，发现了Xvfb，他可以新建一个虚拟的X窗口，再配合python的pyvirtualdisplay，简直就是神器！
安装
centos下：
# 安装Xvfb和pyvirtualdisplay
yum install xorg-x11-server-Xvfb
pip install pyvirtualdisplay
安装firefox和selenium
yum install firefox
pip install selenium
代码
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://www.google.com')
print browser.title
browser.quit()
display.stop()
参考网站：
http://selenium-python.readthedocs.org/en/latest/getting-started.html http://nullege.com/codes/search/selenium.webdriver.Remote.find_elements_by_class_name http://www.opsview.com/forum/opsview-core/how-do-i/how-do-i-install-selenium-centos-server https://gist.github.com/textarcana/5855427 http://scraping.pro/use-headless-firefox-scraping-linux/ http://serverfault.com/questions/363827/how-can-i-run-firefox-on-centos-with-no-display https://realpython.com/blog/python/headless-selenium-testing-with-python-and-phantomjs/ https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-php-designptrns/ http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3230768.html http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3157639.html http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3157639.html
[...]linux无界面(headless)使用selenium抓取数据[...]
求教：运行demo时一直提示 raise WebDriverException("The browser appears to have exited " selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details. 是什么原因？
依赖包都安装了吗？
链接错误 大神为啥啊
[root@spider ~]# python3 firefox.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "firefox.py", line 6, in
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'./geckodriver')
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 152, in __init__
keep_alive=True)
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 98, in __init__
self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 188, in start_session
response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 256, in execute
self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 194, in check_response
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: connection refused
今天早上又可以了，可能是由于我手动设置了xvfb。写的很清楚，赞
我现在也出现了如下这个错误。现在整个程序卡在这里，进行不下去。请问你是如何解决的？ Xvfb除在文章中的python代码外，需要手工启动或者配置吗？
相关依赖包都装了
多谢！
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details.